Electric Cars Speech Essay

Just about everyone wants a car but no one Wants to pay for gas well now thanks to technology we don’t have to yes thanks to the discovery of the electronic car people can travel solely on the power of electricity but most people say that Unless some new type of battery is invented these electronic Car are nothing more than a dream but these are far more than a dream and very much so a part of reality But what does the future hold for these cars. Well electricity is already a large part of our lives so to start using electricity powered cars would not be so much of a change from our normal routine as people may seem to think And they’re already many people using these electrical cars one man mentioned That he uses The Corbin Sparrow (a single person electric vehicle) As his primary commute vehicle he has a 50mi. Total commute To and from work mostly freeway so not that much stop and go traffic but once he gets to work his batteries drained about 50 percent but because the car does not require a special charging stations he can plug it into any standard three prong outlet So he pluges his car and at work and returns home on a 100 percent charge Saving gas and money every day allowing his car to pay for itself but Basically, here’s what the Sparrow offers: ? Seats 1 person, and ample space for laptop, papers and small grocery run.? 13 lead acid batteries, different in detail from conventional automotive batteries, but not fundamentally so. The batteries provide for a very low center of gravity. ?Fiberglass body for keeping the weight down while increasing the energy efficiency considerably. I’m averaging . 16KwH/mile or thereabouts for my typical commute. ?110v charging that takes about 8 hours. However, in my typical usage, I get to 80+% in less than 2 hours, and recharging stations are nearly *everywhere* however an extension cord can be helpful ? and a top speed of about 80mph now this may be good for the average driver or maybe-trips back and forth to and from work but what would you do for a long drive with no time in between to recharge this car. This car would definitely not be the car for the job of but thats where our next car, comes in 25 February 2000 — DaimlerChrysler’s engineers might have missed unveiling their third iteration of the ESX Mybrid (mild-hybrid) concept car at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit this year but it appears the delay was definitely worth the wait. Last week the company showed the ESX3 to the press in Washington, D. C. , an event which marks the achievement of the first official milestone of the 10 year-long USPartnership for a New Generation Vehicle program in which all three US car makers have now developed fuel-efficient, high mileage vehicles. From the outset of the ESX program, DaimlerChrysler engineers have sought ways to not only achieve the performance goals of PNGV but have striven to reduce the cost premium associated with hybrid electric technology. In the ESX3 they have cut the cost in half from the $15,000 of the ESX2 to just $7,500 in two years time. The five passenger ESX3 achieves 72 mpg, up two miles from the more aerodynamic ESX2. It’s â€Å"mild-hybrid† or mybrid drive train takes a similar approach to that of both Ford and GM PNGV cars, mating a 1. 5 liter, all aluminum direct-injection diesel engine to a 15 kilowatt electric motor. Like the Toyota Prius, the 106 pound lithium ion battery pack is wedged between the rear passenger seat and trunk which provides 16 cubic fee (450 liters) of cargo space. An important component in of the ESX Mybrid system is its EMAT transmission system which utilizes two computer-controlled clutches. The EMAT system combines the smoothness of an automatic transmission with the added fuel efficiency of a manual. The driver sees the normal selection of park, drive, neutral and reverse. One of the most remarkable features of the ESX3 Mybrid drive is its weight which is less than a conventional gasoline engine. The three-cylinder diesel weighs just 250 pounds (113kg) and the air-colored electric motor just 76 pounds (33kg). DaimlerChrysler says that the ESX3 meets all the emissions targets originally set in 1993. However, it acknowledges that there is still much to be done to meet future emissions standards including further work on low sulfur and synthetic fuels, new exhaust aftertreatment technologies and cleaner combustion processes. OMAHA, Nebraska — April 19, 1998. Sport utility vehicles are hot! Sales of the truck-like vehicles are booming in the USA. Once the purview of Jeep, Ford and Jimmy, now virtually every car maker has entered the fray including Mercedes and Lexus. And the folks buying these behemoths don’t seem deterred by their hefty sticker prices and the 70’s era gas mileage that comes with them, not to mention a truck-like ride. While questions are now being raised about both their environmental impact and safety, sales continue to soar. The plain fact is, Ute’s are â€Å"in. † After two years and 300,000 total driving miles in Japan and the US, late last year Toyota began leasing a sensible sport utility vehicle that offers many of the perceived benefits of the standard Ute, but with zero tailpipe emissions. While the RAV4-EV shares many features, including body styling and interior appointments, with its IC-engine sibling, the similarities end there. As Mark Amstock, Toyota’s manager of North American Alternative Fuels Program, states in the video that accompanies this feature, the RAV4-EV is not a conversion. It has been engineered from the pavement up. And while it weighs 500 pounds more than the gasoline version, it offers virtually all the amenities, performance and handling of its fossil-fuel counterpart. In 1995, Toyota placed 20 prototype RAV4-EVs in the field, ten in Japan and ten in the US. These were a mixture of lead-acid and nickel metal hydride battery versions that saw service in LA, San Francisco, Sacramento, Detroit and New York. The lessons learned from these field tests have been integrated into the 1998 model, including improved HVAC system, battery management and cooling systems, 5 door, 5 passenger seating, improved motor torque and lengthened wheelbase for a better highway ride. The heart of the EV model is its 50kW permanent magnet motor and 24 nickel metal hydride batteries rated at 288 volts. The maintenance-free electric motor is neatly integrated into the single speed, front-wheel transaxle and is rated at 67 bhp at between 3,100 and 4,600 rmp. This gives the 3440 lbs. vehicle a combined city/highway driving range of 125 miles and a top speed of 78 mph. According to Armstock, these are â€Å"real world† numbers and not just wishful thinking. One of the advantages of using the SUV platform is battery placement. The high curb-height let Toyota engineers place the 900 lbs of batteries under the floorboard, outside the passenger cabin. This gives the vehicle the same usable space as its IC-engine version. One of the lessons learned from the tests in the US, especially in Michigan and New York was the necessity of an adequate heating and cooling system. HVAC systems in automobiles have huge energy requirements which cut into the range of an EV, even one equipped with advanced batteries. Toyota engineered two new features to address this need. They introduced a new gas-injection heat pump system to handling both heating and air conditioning. They also installed controls which will preheat or pre-cool the vehicle while its being recharged. The vehicle operator sets an onboard timer which begins heating or cooling the SUV while it is still connected to its charging source. Since it takes several minutes for a conventional car to heat up in the winter or for the AC to become effective in the summer, the RAV4-EV’s system offers a distinct advantage. Charging is accomplished by an on-board 220-volt, 30-amp conductive charger that takes about 6. 5 hours to completely recharge the car. â€Å"Refueling† the vehicle can be done at home, the workplace or public charging station. The RAV4-EV has power-assisted 4-wheel, anti-lock (ABS) braking. The system features 10 inch brakes (front disk/rear drum) instead of the usual 9 inch found on the gasoline model to handle the vehicle’s added weight. It also includes regenerative braking which converts much of the vehicle’s forward motion back into electricity to recharge the batteries while driving. As the vehicle slows or the driver taps the brakes, the electric motor switches to generator-mode. This enables the driver to actually add to the RAV4-EV’s range with intelligent driving practices. The hallmark of the current boom in Ute sales is the plethora of amenities that come on these brutes, and the RAV4-EV is no slacker in this regard. It comes equipped with power-steering, deluxe AM/FM stereo cassette audio system, digital clock, power-windows, rear-window defroster, dual airbags, vanity-mirrors, and all the rest. The RAV4-EV is currently available only in California, New York and Massachusetts, due largely to their ZEV mandates which require companies like Toyota have 2% of their sales be zero emission vehicles, this despite the fact that there was (as of December, 1997) only one public charging station in all of New York state. Armstock explained that Toyota’s current marketing efforts are focused on fleet operations, rather than the consumer market; electric utility companies being the earliest customers. They lease for a one-time payment of $16,000 for 36 months, or $477 a month for the same period. I found the RAV4-EV a thoroughly enjoyable driving experience the brief time I was behind the wheel. It handles well, accelerating as briskly as a 4 cylinder IC-engine version. It’s quiet inside, though the low rolling-resistance tires are a bit noisy. It certainly brakes well as I learned when an inattentive driver tried to pull out in front us during our test drive around Disney World. The RAV4-EV will make an ideal intra-city commuter for many motorists. Since the average American workplace commute is under 50 miles round trip, the RAV4-EV can get you there and back again with style and comfort. Toyota’s Armstock made an interesting comment near the end of our test drive. When asked when we can expect to see the RAV4-EV go on sale to consumers, he remarked that the technology is advancing so rapidly that he expects the current model to be as obsolete in thee years as a pesonal computer with an Intel 286 micro-processor is today. That’s an exciting prospect, considering how well integrated the RAV4-EV is even now. Regardless of the pace of technological change, this is one nicely done SUV, one that makes a lot of sense right now, especially now. END STORY/

Leadership Approach Paper Ldr 531

Abstract Leadership is an approach taken to guide a significant large group to follow the desired objective of the leader. This paper will explain a leadership approach that has an effect within the organizations today. In addition, explain the strengths and weaknesses of the trait leadership approach. Leadership Approach Dealing with a competitive and diverse global market in today’s society requires a robust Leader. An organization’s success depends on the strength of its leader. The writer will explain trait approach, one of the major approaches to studying leadership. Trait Leadership Approach Leadership comes natural to some people, as if they were born to be leaders. According to Yukl (2010), early leadership theories attributed managerial success to extraordinary abilities such as tiredness energy, penetrating intuition, uncanny foresight, and persuasive powers. This research failed due to futile research. Since then leadership values effectively been identified and trait approach examines leader values that are relevant for explaining ethical leadership. Strengths and Weakness The main strength of the trait approach is that it relies only on attributes that can be identified and with proper research dictate a leader’s effectiveness. This trait approach examines values of a leader relevant for explaining ethical leadership. The main weakness of the trait approach is to assume that one’s attributes simply determine their strength in leadership. One may have the identifiers of a true leader and fail to have the intelligence or character to implement success. The trait approach requires extensive research measuring the correlation between individual leadership attributes and the criteria of a successful leader. Example of Trait Approach An example of trait approach would be an organization hiring for a specific job position and during the interview choosing attributes that identify this particular person as a leader. Conclusion To conclude, a successful leader has great astuteness and knowledge in what approach needed to guide a populace in achievement of the leaders objective. Effective leadership requires understanding of influence process and power. A successful leader ethically influences others to achieve the common goals of an organization. Throughout the times of history leadership has been defines in many ways with several approached. However, the common denominator of an effective leader is success. References Yukl, G. (2010). Leadership in organizations. (7th Ed. ) Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education

Who makes a better parent Men or women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Who makes a better parent Men or women - Essay Example the children. Thesis statement: Women make a better parent because they are emotionally attached to their children, but without ignoring their responsibilities. First of all, the importance of parenting in this modern age must be unearthed. Unlike animals, a newborn child is helpless and shows dependency towards its mother. When a calf is born, it can stand up, walk, or even it can run. But it is impossible for a human child. The only thing that it can do is to cry to attract its mother’s attention. So, one can see that the initial stages of a child’s growth and development is strictly limited to the sphere of the intimate care provided by its mother. Gradually, the child attains its adolescent age, teen age, youth and adulthood. During these stages of growth and development, the child’s behavior towards its mother undergoes gradual change, (maybe, negative or positive). In general, girls show attachment toward their mothers and boys try to imitate their fathers (there may be exceptional cases). But the point under discussion is still to be explored. The traditional role of men in families is that of the ‘breadwinner’ or the head of the family structure. Generally, men earn money for the whole family and looks after the other members with due care and responsibility. The image of men in a family is based on responsibility. Besides, men show keen interest to force other members to follow certain disciplinary guidelines. Their role as father and the caretaker of the whole family with responsibility is complex. From a different angle of view, their dual role (both are complex) limits the scope of friendly approach towards children. For instance, they possess an active role in protecting and defending the reputation of the family as a whole. The ‘father image’ is responsible for the deeds of other family members. So, they do have less time to concentrate upon the

Oil Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Oil Markets - Essay Example This essay looks at the historical of price changes in the oil industry and the influence of market fundamentals. James Smith shares a perspective of trends in the oil prices and takes back to the spell between 1874 and 1974. He argues that during this time the prices of oil were characterized by a stable market (Smith, 2009). During the time, a barrel of oil ranged between $10-$20 (Smith, 2009). This period can be explained to have had a stable supply of crude oil that was accessible even to the remotest nations of the world. Therefore, given the market was with no movement, the price elasticity of demand was insignificant and thus the stable prices. After the ‘golden era,’ the world has experienced insurmountable boom and burst in the economies. The world achieved tremendous progress in the early 18th Century. During this time, the prices of crude oil were relatively low given that the supply was steady. However, the price of oil have increased since and resulted in the worst crisis in the world. The world experienced the great depression in mid-18th century. This was a result of decreased production of crude oil as a result of the war in the Middle East. And given that price elasticity of demand a minimum reduction in supply lead to an increased rise in the price of oil. The 1970s saw the price range between $12 to and $ 53 per barrel and shoot to $ 75 per barrel in 1981 (Smith, 2009). In the subsequent years, the prices continued to drop until it lowest at $12 per barrel in December 2008. However, in July the same year the price has risen to $ 145 (Smith, 2009). At the end of the same year had the price at $40 for a barrel (Smith, 2009). Smith cites a number of economic circumstances behind the trend in prices. There are a large number of factors that prompt changes in the global market for crude oil. The 20th century has witnessed increased and declined consumption of oil at the same time. James Hamilton

Holism as a nurse educator Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Holism as a nurse educator - Essay Example As a nurse educator, it is essential that students are given greater access to ideas mostly taught in the class, such as the process of caring, communicating, having professionalism, and other traits since these would be considered as the main core values when dealing with actual patients in various medical settings. Thus, if a nurse education is not able to give a kind of multi-perspective or holistic kind of teaching to students, they may not be able to learn the core values they will need in order to become successful and effective in their profession (Utley, 2011). In giving students a chance to learn the fundamentals of nursing through multiple perspectives, it is essential that the instructors themselves are able to handle this need by having the traits effective and holistic nurse educators have. For this purpose, the National League for Nursing (NLN) released a guide which lists the eight core competencies that are needed from nurse educators in assuring that they will have students which embody the traits of holism in their careers. These eight competencies are the following: 1. Facilitates learning (e.g. uses learning styles and strategies appropriate for students’ skills and abilities); 2. Facilitates learner development and socialization (e.g. encourages students to learn more and to be updated in new technologies and information); 3. Use assessment and evaluation strategies (e.g. guides students in making their goals, and provides them with prompt feedback on their progress); 4. Participate in curriculum design and evaluation o f project outcomes (e.g. uses assessment outcomes to check whether the curriculum can still be improved); 5. Function as change agent and leader (e.g. encourages students to become innovative); 6. Pursue continuous quality improvement in the nurse educator role (e.g. teacher shows a commitment for continuous learning); 7. Engage in scholarship (e.g. uses up-to-date methods to improve teaching

Employee Reward nd Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Employee Reward nd Development - Essay Example Organizational learning has been proposed as a fundamental strategic process and the only sustainable competitive advantage of the future (Vera and Crossan, 2004) as it increases the rate of change, provides flexible organization of structures, continuous improvement, and organizational interactions are actively managed and optimized (Easterling, n.d.). Smith, Araujo and Burgoyne (Vera and Crossan et al (2004) developed a theoretical model with 4I framework linked by four social and psychological processes like intuiting, interpreting, integrating and institutionalizing. Organizational learning is viewed as a process of change in thought and action among individual and group which is embedded in and affected by the institutions of the organization. It is further argued that tension between assimilating new learning (exploration) and using what has been learned (exploitation) is the basic challenges of organizational learning. The learning organization concept is about building learni ng and knowledge creating capacity in individuals and enabling the effective dissemination of this knowledge through the organization. The learning organization is the product or result of a critical combination of internal change mechanisms concerned with structure, process and human capability allied to continuous environmental reviews which is intended to improve performance (Thomas and Allen, 2006). According to Egan, Yang and Bartlett (2004) organizational learning culture can enhance employee’s job satisfaction and both of these variables influence the organizational outcome variables of motivation to transfer learning and turnover intention. The analytic framework of the learning organization developed by Watkins and Marsick (Egan, Yang and Bartlett, 2004) provides a lucid and broad definition of the construct of learning organization which not only identifies underlying learning organization dimensions but also integrates such dimensions in theoretical framework which specifies interdependent relationship and was also agreed by Ortenblad (Egan, Yang and Bartlett 2004)). Vince (2001) while examining the organizational learning in Hyder Plc mentioned that the conceptualization which indicates that â€Å"individual staff can benefit from on-the-job learning and training which is highly practical and applied† (p.1326) and further argued that organizational learning is visible in the organizational dynamics which is created from the interaction of politics (power relations) and emotions. According to Miner and Mezias (1996) various theories have tacitly assumed a fixed world of exogenous conditions to which organizations must adapt while ‘learning’ carries a positive connotation in many cultures. Behavioral learning scholars claim that incremental learning is common and has useful outcomes. It is pertinent to mention that incremental and radical learning are both meaningful concepts that enhance survival and prosperity while may c ause damage the organizational culture. According to Yeo (2002) behavioral or adaptive learning approach clarifies that learning is directly associated to some action which follows it. Cognitive learning assumes that learning is more than just applying rules or responding to small scale problems and making basic elements of a subject. Sanchez, Vijande and Gutierrez (2010) mention that

Primary models of international marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Primary models of international marketing - Essay Example This research is being carried out to evaluate and present the primary models of international marketing. These models include, polycentric, ethnocentric and geocentric. Ethnocentric is normally used to refer to refer to assumptions arising from national arrogance. They are conservative and hold the underlying factor that one method used in marketing and manufacturing is adequate and applicable to all other places. They uphold the view that products emanating from their country are superior by default and automatically get accepted in other regions. They do not consider aspects of modification and are not vigorous in their marketing campaigns. Contrary to ethnocentric approach or model, the polycentric approach dwells on the uniqueness of each region it is unveiling its products in. They put extra caution and consideration in regard to the people’s culture and give its products time to be assimilated into the people’s culture. If necessary, they would consider modifying their products to suit the perspective of their new targets. This approach invents new marketing strategies to capture the attention of new customers. On the negative aspect, modifications to fit into each setting may dilute the originality of the initial product and prove expensive for the company too. Considering the unique needs of individuals, cultures or religions in every region may be exhaustive too. Geocentrism embraces a more global approach to business. It levalises the business grounds to all parties as there is no special attention to the original company or the host.

S facebook a good or bad example of participatory culture Explain by Essay

S facebook a good or bad example of participatory culture Explain by connecting these ideas to your own arguments- develop and justify your own view ( write both good and bad points) - Essay Example In simpler terms, it is easily accessible. This definition brings about what is termed as participatory media. Participatory media encompasses virtual communities, video blogs just to name but a few. In this paper, one type of a participatory culture or media which is a part of social network services shall be scrutinized. Its good and bad sides as a participatory culture will be examined. The participatory culture to be looked at is Facebook (Delwiche, 2013) What makes a thing to be regarded as good? Something is regarded as good if it falls into the morally accepted or the generally accepted ideas in a society. Since its development, Facebook has been a hit in the participatory media world. It has withstood the test of time and competition. What has made Facebook a giant as a participatory culture is its good. Jenkins note that good participatory cultures are regarded good as they avail virtually low hindrances to artistic expression and civil engagement. Facebook is a good participatory culture as it provides a platform where artistic expression and civil engagement are easily expressed to a large number of people. It does this through its rather simple user interface whereby people can easily understand how it is controlled. Also, Facebook has a sharing option (Jenkins, 2013).The advantage of such an option is that people on the social networking site can easily share it with other persons. It is through this sharing that artistic ex pression and civil engagements are easily expressed to a large group of people. Facebook also allows one person to have as many friends as possible provided they know each other through friends as such. This lack of limitation as to the number of friends one can have on Facebook allows for easier expression of artistic expression and civil engagements. Facebook is also a good participatory culture in cases where its members believe their contributions matter. This is quite true for Facebook users as

Alcoholic Fermentation Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alcoholic Fermentation - Lab Report Example In alcoholic fermentation, the initial process is the breakdown of glucose. The cell breaks down glucose to produce energy in the absence of oxygen. The process is called glycolysis and takes place in the cytosol of the cell.The energy released from this reaction is useful in the conversion of NAD+ to NADH. The energy is also used in binding ADP to inorganic phosphates. Production of two pyruvate molecules follows. Breakdown of the two pyruvate molecules takes place leading to the production of two acetaldehydes and two CO2 as a waste product. It then follows that the two acetaldehydes undergo the conversion to two ethanol using the H+ ions from NADH, which is converted back to NAD+.Alcoholic fermentation has many applications. Some of these applications are the production of ethanol fuel, in bread baking, in the fermentation of foods such as milk and vegetables and the production of alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer. Despite the fact that the general principle of fermentatio n is the same for all products, the method of achieving it and the end results differ. Beer preparation by fermentation involves picking rye, wheat or barley followed by germinating, drying and pulping it into a mash. The mash is mixed together with hot water and transferred to a fermentation vessel to commence the process of fermentation. Yeast is added to the mixture that converts the sugar present in the ash to carbon dioxide and alcohol. Once the beer is filtered and conditioned, it is ready for consumption.

Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation Presentation Essay Example for Free

Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation Presentation Essay Discrimination is prejudice toward members of minority or subordinate groups without considering the effects of prejudice and discrimination, discrimination often affects minority groups on the basis of age, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, etc. If a person or group of people are treated unfairly in areas of public life such as employment, recruitment, customer service and advertising on the basis of their sexual orientation then this is unlawful discrimination. Discriminators don’t always consider the effect of prejudice and discrimination. * Sexual discrimination is also known as ‘homophobia’, this means it  covers a wide range of different viewpoints and attitudes Towards lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people. * Homophobia is generally defined as hostility towards and or fears of gay people, however it can also refer to social ideologies which stigmatise homosexuality. This type of Discrimination begins with Negative feelings or attitudes towards non-heterosexual or (non straight) behaviour, identity, relationships and community, this can lead to homophobic behaviour and attitudes. * This is the root of the discrimination experienced by many lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender or (LGBT) people for short. * Homophobia manifests itself in different forms, for example homophobic jokes, physical and verbal attacks, discrimination in the workplace and negative press coverage. Discrimination against anyone is wrong this chart shows how serious this form of bulling is and how deadly the consequences can be : * Although in many societies gay men and lesbians are more accepted now than they were in the past, homophobia continues to be prominent around the world and in different cultures it is i llegal to be gay, bisexual and transgender. * Heterosexist and homophobia are the result of ignorance about sexual orientation and gender identity issues. Educating society about these issues can help combat fear and discrimination against gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people * Lgbt people are more likely to experience depression and rejection by friends and/or family, acceptance and understanding can even be a matter of life and death, since the risk of suicide in lgbt adolescents is two to three times greater than in their straight counterparts Statistics show thatgt; This shows how discrimination can affect people’s mental health. Direct discrimination Direct discrimination is to directly treat a person or group of people differently because of their sexual orientation and it is against the law in the UK. Direct discrimination occurs when a person treats you less favourably than he or she treats or would treat other persons and it’s based on the grounds of your sexual orientation. * One example of this in employment is where a person is dismissed on the grounds of his or her sexuality. In a non-employment sit uation, this would include situations like refusing to allow a lesbian or gay man to stay in holiday accommodation. Bourn and Whitmore define direct discrimination as: â€Å"Discrimination which entails treatment of a person on one of the aforementioned grounds (for example, gender), which has an adverse impact on him or her by comparison with the treatment afforded to persons not of the group in question†. * Because of the Sexual Orientation Regulations Act 2003, there have been a number of employment tribunal decisions relating to discrimination and harassment of lesbian and gay men. Most people involved used overt homophobic language, and homophobic treatment over a period of time. However there is no requirement for discrimination to be overt or even conscious so even if someone isn’t aware that they are using derogatory terms they are still breaching this act. Indirect Discrimination * Indirect discrimination occurs when an employer or service provider imposes a specific criterion, provision or practices which may apply equally to people of any sexual orientation and does in fact place people of the same sexual orientation as you at a particular disadvantage. * To rely on these regulations you must have personally suffered that disadvantage. As an employer or service provider may be able to argue that the disadvantage was justified, but only if it is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate end. * One example of potential indirect discrimination would be the provision of benefits referring to marital status since same sex couples can not marry they can however have a civil partnership. It is now no longer lawful to provide such benefits to married persons without providing equal access to such benefits for civil partners. Victimisation can occur if a claim of discrimination has been made. * Victimisation happens when a person treats you less favourably than he or she treats, or would treat, someone else in those particular circumstances because you have done any of the following: * Brought legal actions against the discriminator or any other person under the regulations. * If you have given evidence or information in connection with legal proceedings brought by any person against the discriminator or any other person under the regulations. otherwise done anything under or by reference to the regulations in relation to the discriminator or any other person; or * Alleged that the discriminator or any other person has committed an act which would amount to a violation of the regulations. * Victimisation also occurs where you are treated less favourably because the discriminator knows or suspects that you intend to do any of those things this is known as intimidation. * Allegations of discrimination must be made in good faith so to be protected by the victimisation provisions of the regulations. The extent of individual homosexual discrimination * Individual discrimination is discrimination fuelled by certain attitudes about a minority group, causing the individual to target that group, seeing them as lazy, unproductive, harmful, or unwanted in the society because of their sexuality and background. * Individual homosexual discrimination is discrimination against one person. * For example if a male patient was to refuse medical treatment from a male gay doctor that would be individual homosexual discrimination. One case of individual discrimination I found was: Lesbian police officer wins sex discrimination case against her senior Lesbian police officer court win A lesbian police officer who suffered relentless homophobic abuse at the hands of her sergeant has won her sex discrimination claim. PC Tracey West was regularly taunted by Sergeant Michael Service who claimed gay officers were p**fs and freaks. Sgt Service also made a jibe that her sexuality was an illness and spoke about her civil partnership, asking who would wear the trousers in the relationship. PC West was so traumatised by her six-month ordeal she resigned from Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary then emigrated to Australia. The 42 year-old sued the force and Sgt Service for discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation. She has now won her case after an employment tribunal ruled she was subjected to a relentless series of homophobic conduct. Sgt Service has been ordered to pay PC West ? 7500 while her former employers must pay ? 2500in compensation. A hearing in Glasgow was told the abuse started in early 2007 at the force headquarters in Dumfries. Sgt Service first made a remark to PC West that he would pass paperwork over the dyke to her at the office they shared. PC West later joined the Gay Police Association. Sgt Service claimed members of the group were all p**fs and freaks. He also told her that a fellow representative from another force could not come into their office. Sgt Service claimed he did not want the p**f in the room and that any money for tea and biscuits was not to come out of his budget. Ms West told the hearing: He apologised for making the p**fs comment and said he didnt know that the term was offensive. He then smirked. He knew what it meant and he was laughing. The sergeant also said that when he spoke about a colleague sounding so gay he meant happy. The mother-of-two made an official complaint in August 2007 after more than six months of constant abuse. Sgt Service was forced to resign in April 2008 after 20 years in the force as a result of the proceedings raised against him. He claimed at the hearing that PC West was lying and that she had made up the accusations to help fund her move to Australia, where her and her partner remain in the police. In a written judgment, employment judge Raymond Williamson said: The claimant was subjected to a relentless series of homophobic conduct by Sergeant Service for more than six months and that she suffered significant distress and hurt feelings. The behaviour contributed to the claimant deciding to emigrate to Australia and remove herself as far away as possible from the unhappy circumstances of life in Dumfriesshire. Institutional discrimination Institutional discrimination is characterized by societal-level conditions that limit the opportunities and access to resources by socially-disadvantaged groups. Institutional discrimination occurs when the culture, policies, systems and procedures in an organisation inherently discriminate against a group or groups of people. This happens because the systems and processes were designed without taking into account the diverse needs of groups within the community in relation to e. g. their sexual orientation. One case of this institutional discrimination I found was: UK Catholic adoption agency loses battle to stop same sex couples adopting. The UK adoption agency Catholic Care has lost its five-year fight to reserve its services for heterosexual couples only, in a landmark court ruling, reports the  Catholic Herald. The adoption agency based in Leeds, had taken its case to the Upper Tribunal in order to win the right to maintain charitable status while being permitted to refuse to place children with same-sex couples, in accordance with the charity’s Catholic ethos. However, they were defeated today as the Charity Commission argued that the charity’s stance is â€Å"divisive, capricious and arbitrary† and undermined the dignity of homosexual couples whose parenting abilities are â€Å"beyond question†. The tribunal concluded that Catholic Care had failed to come up with â€Å"weighty and convincing reasons† as to why the agency should be allowed to discriminate against gay couples who were trying to access their services. Emma Dixon, who was representing the Charity Commission, told tribunal judge, Mr Justic Sales, that Catholic Care’s desired arrangement would iolate Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which outlaws discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation and other characteristics. She said: â€Å"A requirement to operate within the tenets of the Church cannot constitute Article 14 justification. â€Å"To do so would be to offer protection to the substance of the Church’ s belief that homosexuality is sinful. FULL STORY  UK Catholic Care loses its five-year battle  (Catholic Herald)

A Taxonomy Of Distributed Systems Information Technology Essay

A Taxonomy Of Distributed Systems Information Technology Essay The improvement technology nowadays and as the users of Internet grows extremendously, it has reached a point where the potential benefit of very large scale results distributed application more apparent than ever. Opportunities are emerging to develop large systems that cater to highly dynamic and mobile sets of participants, who desire to interact with each other and stores of online content in a robust manner. These opportunities will inevitably dictate a substantial body of research in the years to follow. Although applications intended to function at this scale have recently begun to appear, there remain a broad set of several issues that must be faced before this emerging class of distributed system can become a reality. One of the current issues in the distributes system is open problem based on taxonomy. 1. Introduction Distributed systems research has historically avoided many hard problems through the carefully calculated use of operating constraints. Scalable resource clusters are assumed to be tucked away in protected facilities and connected by reliable infrastructure [1]. Large systems are assumed to have cooperating nuclei of administrative organizations that do not fail [2]. In peer environments, participants are assumed to behave fairly instead of leaching resources [3]. As the specifications of these systems grow to require operation at a massive scale with highly distributed administration, these assumptions will be strongly challenged as a means of providing useful systems. In short, distributed systems research is quickly approaching a point at which many hard problems cannot be avoided any longer. Prior to embarking on the construction of a large-scale distributed operating system, we felt that it would be useful to survey the landscape of problems that will be faced in the constructio n of this class of system. This paper is a summary of open problem based on taxonomy that must be addressed in order for successful systems of this caliber to be realized. To describe the domain of existing and future distributed systems, we have to design a taxonomy. This model is a two-dimensional space whose axes define the concurrency and conflict of resource access, and the degree of distribution and mobility of resources within the system. From this model, we draw four phyla of application that is point-to-point, multiplexed, fragmented, and peer-to-peer. This last phylum defines our target domain and we apply lessons learned from the other three groups to it. Through our taxonomy, we describe a set of architectural systems problems that must be addressed. 2. A Taxonomy of Distributed Systems We will describe four phyla of distributed systems in a continuous space along two axes. The axe which is access concurrency and resource distribution is a stem from an examination of the evolution of distributed applications. Access concurrency considers the number of simultaneous accesses to a resource and the degree of conflict between these accesses. Access concurrency problems occur as researchers began to move towards time sharing on mainframes. Resource distribution represents how broadly a system is spread across a network infrastructure. Individually, each of these axes represents a steadily increasing gradient of complexity within system architecture. It is in the cases where both axes have high degree that system complexity explodes. Indeed, distributed applications seem to all reside very close to the axes in our models. This observation suggests that there must be some limiting factors that exist, inhibiting the development of complex systems. We now consider the two axe s and four phyla of systems individually. 2.1 Access Concurrency Access concurrency originated with the desire to allow users to share the resources of original mainframe computers. Concurrency mechanisms allow clients to share a resource while preserving the state of that resource during simultaneous accesses. It is worth nothing that without a requirement to avoid conflict, concurrency mechanisms need only act as stateless request multiplexers. Although there are complexity issues in simple multiplexing at the Internet scale, it is conflict avoidance that makes access concurrency especially hard. In order to avoid conflicts between concurrent accesses, extra mechanisms must be put in place. These mechanisms add overhead and complexity to the system. Mechanisms to support access concurrency involve tradeoffs between efficiency and effectiveness. Concurrency control techniques that are very efficient is aim to allow the highest possible amount of simultaneous access, but may do so at the cost of poorly preserving resource state or unfairly schedul ing this access. Techniques that are optimized for effectiveness protect resource state, but may do so by severely limiting concurrency of access. As an example, consider the locking of files to preserve consistency in concurrent systems. Pessimistic locking is most effective at preserving state, but results in a complete loss of concurrency whenever the file is locked for writing. Optimistic locking allows a higher degree of concurrency, but may perform worse in a high state of conflict as many transactions must be aborted. Conflicts may simply be flagged and left for a separate mechanism to resolve later. It is usually happen in the extreme case of efficient concurrency. This is how inconsistencies are addressed after a disconnection in distributed file systems such as Coda. Similar analogies for access concurrency exist with respect to other resources such as process scheduling and memory protection. In this emerging class of large distributed systems, the issue is that a high de gree of concurrency within a system demands efficiency, while individual users will expect effective consistency preservation. Measures, such as conflict resolution, have not been well explored. It is a non-trivial problem to automatically resolve conflicts on information that does not have a high degree of structure, such as files and ad hoc databases (i.e. the Windows registry). Additionally, there exist a set of resources for which resolution may not be appropriate after the fact, and large scale active conflict avoidance is a necessity. 2.2 Resource Distribution Resource distribution describes the degree to which a system has been spread across a network, and how dynamic resources are within it. Even the smallest degree of resource distribution mandates a substantial amount of overhead within a system. Consider the difference between accesses to a local file versus a remote file service such as NFS. Both cases contain all of the complexity involved in reading a file from disk; however the remote access has the additional responsibilities of locating the service, marshalling data in and out of message structures, interacting across the network, and handling a considerably larger set of potential error cases. Transparency, a hallmark goal of distributed systems only obfuscates this problem by concealing the details of distribution. Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) mechanisms, which were intended to simplify application development is forced distribution to be implemented deep within the system. This occurs directly in many of the problems traditio nally associated with distributed systems such as fragility and inflexibility. The troubling aspect in this line of consideration is that these issues indicate a fundamental flaw at the very onset of approaches to distribution. RPC will only provide one degree of distribution, by passing a call to a single remote host. We have only just entered the arena of distributed systems, and already complexity is overbearing with RPC. A larger problem exists in their distribution by assuming that resources can be accessed in an expressive and reliable manner. In order to access resources, it must be possible to first locate them. Moreover, mechanisms must exist to find them in an ongoing manner if the resources are not static within a system. For instance, the location of a resource may have to be determined through a directory service and refreshed with each successive access. In very large scale or highly dynamic systems, a centralized service may not be sufficient to track resource locatio n and other methods, such as forwarding pointers [4], may have to be employed. Distribution equates almost exactly to extra mechanism, and therefore complexity, within a system. The larger and more distributed a system becomes, the more mechanism will be required to locate, track, and access objects within it. 2.3 Four Phyla of Distributed Applications From the two axes described above, we draw four phyla of distributed applications, shown in Figure 2.3. Note that the respective sizes of these domains are by no means equal, we represent this division as it is for simplicity. What follows is a very brief presentation of each of the four classes. In each case, we supply an example of the phylum to demonstrate its characteristics. We also try to identify weaknesses that exist within the domain that may not be acceptable within more advanced systems. Figure 2.3 : Taxonomy of Distributed Application 2.3.1 Point-to-point The point-to-point phylum represents a very simple set of applications in which a client connects to a resource for un-shared access. Point-to-point examples exist primarily as components of more complex applications, for instance the data channel of an FTP session is point-to-point, in that all of the associated resources are allocated at both ends of the connection at the beginning of a transfer. We would also consider simple RPC to be primarily a point-to-point application, provided that the RPC server handles a single request at a time. Point-to-point applications are characterized by the fact that the distribution aspects of the system are typically quite visible. For example when failure does occur it can be identified and resolved primitively by the user. If an FTP server does not respond or crashes during a transfer, the user can attempt a connection somewhere else. Regarding to this problem it is clearly shows that this is not a good system property; however it is generally tolerable within the domain of simple applications. 2.3.2 Multiplexed Multiplexed applications are those in which resources are delivered with a high degree of concurrency, and possibly conflict control, over a relatively small scale of distribution. We can take file and web server as an excellent examples. It is because they provide a set of centralized resources to large number of concurrent users. Figure 2.3.2 show us the taxonomy of web server. Note that in our model, both file and web servers have a high degree of access concurrency, but are still barely distributed. This is because users typically need only connect to a single point to access resources. There are more distributed examples of multiplexed applications which are distributed striped file systems and scalable data structures [5]. In both of these cases, users may still connect to a single resource, but that resource may forward requests through an additional link to an appropriate secondary server. The risk of failure is more significant in multiplexed systems because failure has the potential to affect a much larger number of users on the resource provision side. A very large multiplexed service is often served by specialized hosting facilities where a very high degree of resource reliability may be assumed. It is commonly used to mitigate those problems. Further precautions may involve the installation of redundant resources that take over in the rare case of system failure. Figure 2.3.2: Taxonomy of web server 2.3.3 Fragmented Resource Fragmented systems are those in which resources are spread across, or move within, a set of connected endpoints. Communication is substantially more complex in these systems as messages may not travel directly to a resource, but instead may lead to a cascade of interactions across the system. Existing fragmented systems, such as the domain name service (DNS), are frequently structured as a hierarchy of coupled administrative domains. Note that there do not have many examples of highly fragmented systems. Considered as a whole, the global DNS database is fragmented across a considerable number of hosts. However this is doubtlessly orders of magnitude smaller than the scope desired by advocates of universal Internet-scale directory services, such as LDAP, which have yet to see broad acceptance within the network. The distribution of administration presents a difficulty within the ongoing provision of fragmented systems. In a centralized resource, a single administrative body is capable of quickly affecting changes across the scope of a system. In a fragmented resource, issues arise in how changes should be applied and who is allowed to do them. In the case of DNS, updates must frequently be submitted to human administrators, who authenticate and apply changes by hand. In existing systems this is an acceptable property, DNS lookups are handled with an acceptable degree of expedience, and the frequency of change is small enough typically to be handled off-line. This is not, however, an approach that provides a high degree of scalability. 2.3.4 Peer to peer The client-server model assumes that certain machines are better suited for providing certain services. For instance, a file server may be a system with a large amount of disk space and backup facilities. A peer-to-peer model (Figure 2.3.4) assumes that each machine has somewhat equivalent capabilities, that no machine is dedicated to serving others. An example of this is a collection of PCs in a small office or home. Networking allows people to access each otherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s files and send email but no machine is relegated to a specific set of services. Peer to peer applications are highly distributed and involve a high degree of potentially conflicting, concurrent access to resources. This is a fairly hypothetical description, as very few such applications currently exist at the Internet scale. Peer-based file sharing applications, such as Gnutella [6], are initial steps within this domain but only begin to enter the phylum. Gnutella does not need to address any conflict issues, nor has it proven able to scale. In this class of application, the acceptable weaknesses within the other phyla compound and cannot be avoided. Failure has a high potential impact, but resources cannot be protected. Administration is distributed and the coupling between administrative domains may become much more dynamic. We discuss these issues more extensively in the next section. Figure 2.3.4 3. Conclusion The purpose of this paper has been to identify open problem based on taxonomy that necessarily must be addressed in order to develop advanced, Internet-scale distributed systems. Regarding to the explanations above, we can highlight that the open problem in taxonomy that contains in access concurrency and resource distribution. We also must consider the four phyla of distributed system; point-to-point, multiplexed, fragmented resource and peer to peer to identify weaknesses that exist within the domain that may not be acceptable within more advanced systems. Projects to develop environments for ubiquitous, invisible, and pervasive distributed applications have, and continue to be, very exciting research that will need to address many of these issues in order to realize their visions.

Practice of Therapy Essay -- Counseling

Practice of Therapy The actual practicing of therapy is a scary step for beginning therapists, although the education has been received and after practicum there will some experience in practicing with clients, doing therapy on your own seems intimidating. However, I am sure like most other experiences in life, the more you do something, the better you get at it and the more comfortable you feel in knowing what you are doing as well as doing it the proper way. With therapy, an individual can learn all about theories, models and assessments but the rapport and confidence from clients can only come after practicing therapy. Protocol For Initial Telephone Contact I will begin by introducing myself and then explaining my qualifications, I want the client to feel at ease in knowing I am not only capable but educated and trained specifically in marriage and family therapy. The next step would be asking the client to specify the issue that has caused the couple or family to seek therapy and then to determine all family members as well as any other individuals or public agencies that are connected to the couple or family. Next would be determining if the situation is a crisis situation and then deciding if I am able to help with the family or couple’s issues. Then I would talk about fees, payments and ensure the family has adequate transportation to attend sessions. After that, I would set up an appointment date and time, preferably within the next 24 hours. Who Comes To First Meeting? If the clients are a couple, I would prefer both individuals attend the first interview, although I realize this will not always be agreeable. In a family interview I would also prefer all members of the family present, this way each member can expre... ...ions. It has often been said there is no substitute for experience and it appears to me that practicing therapy is one of those situations. Works Cited Grewal, Daisy. (2012). In Atheists We Distrust. Scientific American. Retrieved from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=in-atheists-we-distrust Hayslip, Bert., and Schneider, Lawrence. (1985). Effects of Counselor-Client Age Similarity and Presenting Problem Intimacy on Client Satisfaction. Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED259254.pdf Locke, H.J., and Wallace, K.M. (1959). Short-term marital adjustments and prediction tests; Their reliability and validity. Journal of Marriage and Family Living. Nichols. (2010). Family Therapy; Concepts and Methods. Patterson, J., Williams, l., Edwards, T. M., Chamow, L., & Grauf- Grounds, C. (2009). Family Therapy; Concepts and Methods.

Measuring Rate of Rater Uptake by a Leafy Shoot :: Papers

Measuring Rate of Rater Uptake by a Leafy Shoot The water uptake can be measured easily and because very high proportion of the water taken up by a stem is lost in transpiration, it enables the rate of transpiration to be measured. Key Factors to be kept Constant: - ================================== v Temperature - room temperature (approximately 25Â ºC) v Wind speed - No artificial wind was produced to affect results v Light intensity - Extra light was not used v Humidity - it was not humid on the day experiments were conducted The water uptake for the control Experiment. Time (minutes) Initial meniscus position of the air bubble (cm) Final meniscus positionof the air bubble (cm) Water uptake (Distance moved) (cm) Total water uptake (cm) 1 10.0 10.7 0.7 0.7 2 10.7 11.5 0.8 1.5 3 11.5 12.3 0.8 2.3 4 12.3 13.0 0.7 3.0 5 13.0 14.0 1.0 4.0 6 14.0 14.8 0.8 4.8 The water uptake when Vaseline is applied on the top surface of the leaves. Time (minutes) Initial meniscus position of the air bubble (cm) Final meniscus positionof the air bubble (cm) Water uptake (Distance moved) (cm) Total water uptake (cm) 1 6.0 6.6 0.6 0.6 2 6.6 7.2 0.6 1.2 3 7.2 7.9 0.7 1.9 4 7.9 8.5 0.6 2.5 5 8.5 9.2 0.7 3.2 6 9.2 9.7 0.5 3.7 Time (minutes) Initial meniscus position of the air bubble (cm)

The Invisible Black Cowboys :: American America History

The Invisible Black Cowboys For many Americans, the image of the cowboy evokes pleasant nostalgia of a time gone by, when cowboys roamed free. The Cowboy is, to many Americans, the ideal American, who was quick to the draw, well skilled in his profession, and yet minded his own business. Regardless of whether the mental picture that the word cowboy evokes is a correct or incorrect view of the vocation, one seldom views cowboys as being black. The first cowboy I met was from Texas and was black. After he told me that he was a cowboy, I told him that he had to be kidding. Unfortunately, I was not totally to blame for my inability to recognize that color has nothing to do with the cowboy profession; most if not all popular famous images of cowboys are white. In general, even today, blacks are excluded from the popular depiction of famous Westerners. Black cowboys were unheard of for almost a century after they made their mark on the cattle herding trade, not because they were insignificant, but because history fel l victim to prejudice, and forgot peoples of color in popular depictions of the West and Western history. Black Americans were in the West with Lewis and Clark, but this was never seen or published until the 19th century (Ravage 26). California was the section of the west that most blacks settled in before the Civil War. The largest concentration of blacks in the state was in Sacramento County, mainly because of the gold rush. Blacks would ride trade ships to the west coast and then desert, if they were slaves, or leave the ship, if they were free men, to settle there (Savage 12). Examples of early black settlers were two ex-slaves named Bob and Kanaska who came to San Diego in 1816 on the schooner Albatross. Thomas Fisher came to California around 1818 but was captured by pirates in Monterey that year. Another Fisher came to California in 1846 while serving on a whaling ship (Savage 13) Though present from the initial discovery of the West, blacks entered the West in earnest after 1850. Between 1850 and 1910, thousands of African Americans, lured by the promise of land, opportunity, and most importantly, racial justice migrated to the trans-Mississippi West (African Americans). This great migration occurred shortly after the civil war, as thousands of blacks moved West because they were unwanted in the North or South (Dick 30).

Outer Space Exploration

Skies The Limit? The exploration of space VS The issues on earth. Aileen Johnson English Composition Introduction We live in a world where there are environmental issues that range from global warming to air pollution. Environmental scientists dedicated themselves by putting years and years into finding a long-term solution for these issues. The effects of these issues can potentially be damaging in the next couple of decades so people live I fear of what is to come. This same fear prevents people from thinking outside of the box. We came so far in the mist of our issues that it almost seems unfixable.With new technology today we have various ways for exploring outside our world to find new ways to make life on earth a little easier. Since issues on earth are still in effect, people’s fear of what is to come in the future prevent them from becoming aware of how exploring outside this world in space can actually benefit us all, and how important it is to our planet earth. Altho ugh there are many environmental issues on earth, outer exploration should continue to be funded. Outer space exploration may be needed in the future to prevent or solve new issues on earth to come. Oblivious To the BenefitsThere are many benefits to outer space exploration that people are aware not of. Before I decided to do research I was unaware of the number of things that we actually use today that would have never been possible if we did not explore outer space in the past, that we are going to get into later on is this paper. Imagine you went to the grocery store and spent 300 dollars on food, and you go home, check your pockets, and see the receipt for your purchase of food. Now Imagined the food disappeared or you put the food away and it doesn’t look like as much food as you thought it was.Having spent money on something that you do not really see too much results for can make you regret spending so much money, or prevent you from doing it again. This is the same co ncept with funding outer space exploration; we see all of the money going into a project like adventure, without seeing the results of this big purchase. Another example is how we can spend money. This example does not count for us individually but as a whole. When we get a lump some of money sometimes it is hard for us not to go crazy and spend everything or most of it.When we do go crazy and spend all of it on little things, eating out all time, clothes, or just small purchases, we get more upset when the money is gone and we have no idea where the money went. That’s the same as spending money on space and not seeing the results from the purchase. Other problems circles around on how important it is to fund outer space exploration. The way we prioritize things in this world can affect our ability to make decisions and limit us to taking risks. For example, tax season come around and we get that nice refund back and think of all the things that we can do with that check.Now lets say that bills and credits card payments are the â€Å"global issues† and house leans and stocks are the â€Å"outer space† exploration. When we receive that that refund we become worriers and we think about all the bills we have to catch up on and what other things we need to pay off. Instead, we can look into investing into stocks and house leans that will benefit us in the future by making us more money overtime. Since people do are so caught up on the current issue, investing into something that doesn’t show results right away, will be last priority.If people do no understand the benefits of outer space exploration they can easily form the decision that it shouldn’t be funded. If they do not know what outer space exploration can do for earth they will find it unnecessary. Knowing the benefits can change the minds of a lot of people who forms these opinions. Sharing with people the benefits of exploring outer space can stop the controversy that it shouldn’t be funded any longer. There are a lot of websites that explain what people do in space, but not many go into detail about how it is beneficial to us on earth, this will mislead people into thinking that it is pointless.Not being aware of these benefits can cause fear in everyone when it comes down to spending money, which lead us to the next topic. Issues on Earth: Distractions and Paranoia The issues we have here on earth distracts the minds of many people causing distractions and paranoia. There is a website that was designed to count in actually time how much money we are spending on war. You can see the numbers go up in actual time. This creates anxiety to people specifically in America because we know that war is one of the major issues we have here on earth.Yes we know that the war is costing a lot of money and its okay that to keep track of that, but the amount of money spent is what people worry about. It is something that is keeping us in debt and some wou ld also agree that the war is a pointless price to pay. When you have an issue as big as this, it scares people in to thinking that anything that we are spending money on now should show clear results from the money we are putting into it. Then we get distracted. With the issues here on earth rising day by day it distracts us.We can be aware of what NASA can do for us but the issues that clearly orbiting around us can make hold or attention for a long time. Let me give you an example how distraction and paranoia can be created. 99% percent of Americans watch TV, and there are many of those who watch the news. Imagine you turn on the TV and after your favorites show go of the news come on. You hear about the murders, theft, and car jacking that are going on. This grabs our attention and have us thinking about the high crime rate. Next it’s the poor education systems with high unemployment rate, the big distraction.Our minds are focused now on the issues surrounding us. Next th at comes on is the issue that hits us all†¦war. This here is where our paranoia kicks in because not only is this an issue, it is something that is going to make us wonder, where is all the money coming from to support this idea. When we shut the TV off after the news finish we are left with the negative but true issues that are going on. We go to sleep with it in the back of our minds. The next day imagine you watch the morning news and the announcer comes on and say that the president just signed a multi-million dollar approval to invest millions in NASA for exploration of pace, without giving any clear reason on how this investment will benefit earth or the people on it. With the paranoia already build up in our minds and the anxiety from the issues we have yet to solve, investing millions of dollars into a cause that we do not think is necessary at the time can be a lot for us to want to jump up and agree with. Now that we have this huge issue of spending and being in debt, it forces Americans to â€Å"budget† or limit ourselves.They do not want to fund anything other than what we absolute need because the problems that are obvious like the money we spent on war, are way bigger than the problems that have yet to come, therefore we limit our thinking for now when we can be preparing for the future. Now that we know that by people being oblivious to how outer space exploration can be beneficial and how the money we spend on other issues on earth can make us a little paranoid about what we spend money on; but may be knowing exactly how outer space exploration or â€Å"O. S. E† can actually prevent issues on earth and help us, we can support it rather than oppose it.O. S. E Preventing Issues on Earth Outer space exploration can prevent future problems and help with current issues on earth. When people oppose the idea of funding O. S. E, they tend to forget about the satellites they we have out there. Those very same satellites that would hav e not existed if it was not for O. S. E in the first place. These satellites are like god to us with the modern technology that we have today and knowing how we benefit from them is important. Satellites in outer space control a lot of things that we can take advantage of according to this article.It helps to predict the weather, GPS navigations and locate other things also. How can predicting the weather help with issues on earth you may ask? Knowing when a snow storm is coming help us to prepare in advance to put salt down on the roads so that people would not slide on ice when there are driving and get into an accident. Knowing when a hurricane is going to hit, let us know to get generators for power and gas for cars, food and water for everyone. Knowing that it is going to be dangerously hot with heat wave ahead lets us know to stay home under the AC rather to drive somewhere far and put ourselves in danger of the heat.All of these issues that can arise on earth, prevented just by simply predicting the weather, and the weather predicted from the help of satellites in outer space. Another benefit that too many people do not know about is that space also provide certain metals used to build aircraft and the same ones are also used in healthcare facilities around the world for medicine. We benefit also from the GPS, saving us time, frustration and gas. This seemingly not a huge issue on earth at the moment until you is in a dangerous situation and need to get somewhere fast; like getting lost in the woods.Also GPS help police locate criminals, crime, and other mobilizing action that can cause danger to civilians. Being able to position a moving target in actual time has helped different people with different careers like aircrafts, ships, soldiers, and the US government. Without satellites the modern careers we have today would not exists, leading us to many issues to run into in the future. Can you imagine the many issues that we would be facing not knowing when a dangerous snowstorm is going to hit? Or getting lost in the middle of knows where without a phone to call 911.Issues like the ones mentioned in the last paragraph are prevented everyday taking somebody somewhere out of a dangerous situation thanks to the satellites that were created through O. S. E. Knowing how the earth orbits the sun helps ups a great deal also. O. S. E helped us to discover other planets they have different resources that we may use in the future once we are able to tap into them. These resources can help us in the future when it is our last resort and we have nothing less. Being able to make use of resources out of planets in space now for the future is important.Why wait for the issue to arise to try and fix it when we can prevent it before it even happens? Think About it. Conclusion Reflect back on how far we can with technology because of discovers we made in outer spaces. All the distractions people see and hear on the news everyday can now become jus t another issue along with not funding O. S. E. That paranoia that people have that we are wasting money on something that we do not need can now go away, and you can feel at ease knowing the that we benefit a great deal from these explorations.Its like now you know what you are investing in and seeing that the benefits will set us up for the future can help you relax a little and support the cause. Outer space exploration led us to discover such advance technology that we can use today. These same discoveries can help prevent issues on earth. The fact that satellites predict the weather is major. The fact that GPS can locate crime is major. The fact that the same technology helps our troops in combat, in officers on duty is major. These things are all beneficial to us in multiple ways.If outer space exploration wasn’t funded in the first place we would have not have been able to do research to discover these things that we benefit from today in the past we were open to fundi ng this, and in the future that is now the present, we are able to benefit from those explorations. Further research may be able to prevent new problems in the future. Funding O. S. E uses only a tiny fraction of what we spend on war today, yet we benefit from it more than our current biggest investment. We need to think more in the future so that when it gets here we can continue to advance and become affective fixing issues before they come.REFERENCES | | | Baker, David. Scientific American Inventions From Outer Space: Everyday Uses for NASA Technology. New York, NY, 2 McClatchy-Tribune Information services news [Washington] June 7, 2009 Ashford University library. http://search. proquest. com. proxy-library. ashford. edu/pqcentral/docview/458167003/13CA8999DD0412DC52/7? accountid=32521 Neil, Tyson Author Foreign Affairs; Mar/Apr2012, Vol. 91 Issue 2, p22-33, 12p of Ashford University Library. http://search. proquest. com. proxy-library. ashford. edu/pqcentral/docview/458167003/13 CA8999DD0412DC52/7? accountid=32521 Steitz, David E.

Synoptic Gospels

Synoptic Gospels Introduction God used his four Gospels to accomplish a purpose. Each Gospel and author had a different purpose and each focused on the different facets of Jesus and his ministry. â€Å"The first three Gospels â€Å"are referred to as the synoptic gospels because of the large amount of overlapping materials. (In Greek, synoptic means â€Å"seen together’). The Gospel of John is distinguished from the synoptic gospels due to the accounts on Jesus miracles and discourses. † (Mueller 79). The Gospel of John is often used to compare and contrast the synoptic three gospels.The synoptic gospels and their similarities has risen a growing suspicion if the authors had a common source or if they retrieved their information or it has even been argued they copied each other’s gospels. This has caused many growing issues among Christians over a span of time concerning the similarities and differences in each gospel. Between the earliest surviving Gospel and the death of Jesus, four decades had passed; knowing this gives a person reasonable belief Gospels were the true writings. They were written by the authors based on many writings as well as eyewitness testimony.The similarities in Matthew, Mark and Luke can be explained by oral tradition meaning what they saw and heard for themselves; as well as stories and events told by communities during Jesus life and after his death. The first three Gospels are what are known as the â€Å"Synoptic Problem†. â€Å"The Synoptic Problem addresses the need to account for the similarities and differences in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. † (Mueller 85) The â€Å"Synoptic Problem† is not really a problem at all it is a question which consists of who wrote the first gospel and did one copy from the other?How did the three gospels bear such a likeness to each other and not the Gospel of John? There is no real or correct answer to this question or problem. The synoptic gosp els were obviously written in different places, by different people and at different times. Each Gospel was written with its own theme and emphasis on Jesus and reasoning behind it. â€Å"These three books, which occupy perhaps 240 pages of the average edition of the New Testament, have been the subject of a weight of scholarly investigation, an analysis which leaves far behind that accorded to any other literature in the world. † (Hanson) Similarities and DifferencesWhile comparing Matthew, Mark and Luke there are similarities and differences between the gospels. There are significant numbers of exact wording, order of narrative and parenthetical material. Of 661 verses which belong to Mark all but 30 verses are found in Mark and/or Luke. Of the material common to Mark and in Matthew and Luke there are 8, 189 of the 10, 10650 words found in one or both of them. Matthew and Luke have 235 verses in common that is not found in Mark, leading us to believe that Matthew Mark and L uke depended upon each other or that two sources were used to produce these gospels.It is not indicted or proven that they copied from each other. (Farmer) â€Å"Since Matthew and Luke wrote independently but share so much of non-Markan material the â€Å"other source† material called (â€Å"Q†). † (Mueller) Hypothesis and Theory There is a continuing debate regarding the composition of the Gospels. There are many theories and hypotheses based on biblical scripture and theological findings but there is no right or wrong answer. The Augustinian hypothesis states since Matthew was the first written gospel the Gospel of Mark came after Matthew and Luke wrote his gospel based on theirs (Piper).In addition, Griesbach accepted this theory and â€Å"dismissed any kind of traditional attempt and was focused on the three Gospels literary dependence between gospel narratives†. (Smith), Griesbach dismissed traditional attempts to blend these accounts & focused atten tion on their literary dependence instead (Smith). Gresbach even published a thesis where Mark often followed Matthews writing as a guide to his writings. Second is the Two- source; this thesis shows the gospels of Matthew & Luke are independent writings. They each are based on Mark and Q.Mark is identified as the main source of information to whereas Matthew and Luke had gathered their information for their gospels from because of the similarities in wording, events, and parallels A Philosophically trained British theologian & biblical exegete by the name of Mark Farrer held that Mark was Matthews’s sole literary source. (Smith) Farrer states that any writings from Matthew such as Sermon on the Mount that could not be traced back to Mark must be his own. Lastly the Q source hypothesis which is a written document composed in Greek is short for: Quelle: which is defined in German for source. Q contained sayings and discourses ascribed in to Jesus† (McConkey). There was n ever a copy of Q found but many scholars are convinced it did exist. This hypothesis states most of Q contents appear either both in Matthew and Luke or in one or the other. There are many other hypothesis and theories base on the solving the synoptic problem. Solution â€Å"The prevailing solution to the synoptic problem for the past century among scholars trained in literary criticism of the gospels. The thesis is the gospels of Matthew & Luke are independent compositions, each based on two earlier texts: Mark & Q. Smith) In comparing the Gospels in which points they are similar to other existing pieces. In the future, such comparison should identify the issues of composition, social context, and ideology the will be more useful than a sterile â€Å"form/content/function† analysis. In addition, it should be also recognized that the closest parallels to the Gospel genre are most likely to be found within the same Jewish environment which gave rise to the church itself. (Tha tcher) Conclusion The Synoptic Gospels all tell the story of Jesus, and proclaim him the Son of God.Essentially what we believe in as Christians will not change whichever way the synoptic problem is solved. Whether we know him as the King, the Servant, the Son of Man or Son of God , we know he is one in the same; Jesus. As is shown by the writings of the Synoptic Gospels as well as the Gospel of John are a true testimony of the accounts of Jesus ministry. . Although each author may place emphasis on different facets of Jesus birth, life, death and resurrection the subject remains the same. Jesus died to save us from our sins.Works Cited Farmer, William R. THE SYNOPTIC PROBLEM . Mercer University Press, 1981. Hanson, R P C. Bp. â€Å"Assessment of motive in the study of the Synoptic Gospels†. Modern Churchman (1967. ): ns 10 no 4 Jl 1967, p 255-269. James McConkey, Robinson, Christopher, the Sayings Gospel Q: Mueller, J. J. , SJ, editor. Theological Foundations. Winona: Anselm Academic, Christian Brothers Publications, 2007. Piper, Ronald Allen. â€Å"The gospels behind the Gospels: current studies on Q. † Novum Testamentum (1995): 23. Smith,

Mayans Customs & Traditions

The Mayans believed that the world was full of spirits and ghost, that every creation had an unseen power. A mountain can hold a deity and a rock a spirit, much like animism. It is to their belief that ghosts come out at night and spirits roam the jungle. To get in touch with the supernatural, such as the jaguar spirit or other transformations, the shaman (a priest who uses magic for certain purposes) would use hallucinogenic plants found in the jungle with a doobie.Mayans believed that some certain of their ancestors were reborn as gods. According to the Spanish, Mayans could date back their ancestry hundreds of years ago in detail. Rituals would be performed to their ancestors to gain favour and support. When a member of the family died, they would be buried in simple graves under their houses and the wealthy ones would be buried in tombs along with their belongings such as jewellery, pottery and food.According to Mayan beliefs, it is common for them to have ancestor worships, espe cially to the royals as they believe that they have re-joined the gods. They also believed that the gods had spilled their own blood to form human flesh. Mayan blood sacrifices were a ritual of returning blood to the gods. One way they did this was by ripping hearts out of the human sacrifice, mainly high- ranking war prisoners, and leaving it there for the gods or by pushing them down a cliff.They used human sacrifice because it was believed that human blood made the gods stronger. Yet, another custom was practiced which was self-torture, where they would pierce a body part and run a thread through to let the blood run down it. Sometimes, the Mayans would have dances and dressed up in clothing and masks resembling their gods. The dances were made to ensure the success crops throughout the year. Prior to marriage, Mayan families would use an atanzahab, or matchmaker to examine the couple’s horoscope to avoid future conflicts.Typically, the bride’s family would be given compensation for their daughter and the groom would have to work for the bride’s father for a period of time. The couple would meet for the first time at their wedding ceremony and would not speak to each other until they were married. One major game Mayans would play was a ball game where they had to hit a ball through a ring vertically. They would be rewarded with fine jewellery if they won or be tied up and sent to the high priest to be decapitated then rolled down the long steps to the plaza’s floor below. Thank you.

Tuesdays with Morrie

Christina An Weiss AIC September 9, 2010 Tuesdays with Morrie Love is a powerful emotion and an essential human need. Without loving the ones around them and their community, people are unable to live their lives to the fullest. In Mitch Albom’s Tuesdays with Morrie, love is a most meaningful and dominant message. We feel comfort and connection with love in our lives. As Morrie says, if we devote love into our lives, we are able to fulfill our lives. In reality, many people work up until their last breath to have more and more money. However, when they look back, they realized they never lived their lives with fulfillment.Money may buy them materialistic needs but love and affection are able to bring purpose and meaning. According to Morrie, â€Å"The way you get meaning into your life is to devote yourself to loving others, devote yourself to your community around you, and devote yourself to creating something that gives you purpose and meaning† (43). By devoting himse lf to love the others around him, Morrie was able to create â€Å"a cocoon of human activities – conversations, interaction, affection – and it filled his life like an overflowing soup bowl† (43).The humans believe only money can compose accomplished lives. However, they do not notice how powerful love can be; love itself is able to aid them into creating their own world, a world they wanted. If they devote their love to their community and the ones around them, they will be surprised how fulfilling their lives can become. Love is not only just pouring affection to others; understanding, guidance, comfort are also needed. These are small step people must take to create their own world.Humans need connection and comfort from the ones around us. Despite the far distance, love is still possible. I lived in 2 different places. I was born in Korea and lived for 8 years. Then I moved to Toronto, Canada, and lived for about 4 years. Now I live in Naperville, Illinois. We are still able to feel love among us because we created our friendship deep enough that where ever we are, we still feel the connection and comfort. If this world did not have love among people, the humans would be nothing but heartless robots.One of my favorite books is The Great Gatsby. This novel talk about how a man, Gatsby, becomes rich just for the girl, Daisy, he fell in love with. Even though he has a lot of money and throws ravishing parties every day, nothing can fill his life except for the love from his girl. Gatsby has a huge, exquisite house. It was big yet empty. His house was always full of people who came to his party. Gatsby does not mind random people coming to his party. He just wanted his life to be filled with people. However, that never happened.He house was filled, but never his life. His life only chased his love for Daisy, and never for the people around him. Gatsby’s materialistic things never satisfied his life. He never tried to make friends an d therefore, he was never happy. Gatsby’s ravishing yet empty life shows us, that his outer shows others wealth and power. Nonetheless, his inside was just a hollow body. We can learn that even when people have the money they can spend on anything, money does not create a fulfilled life that everyone dreams of.People can fulfill their lives if they just took the time to look back and created more deep relationships. Love is not just for couples, or marriages. It is also significant in the communities and the ones who are always there. People around the world want so many materialistic things. But when they look back again, they want more friends and more relationships. Everyone will soon realize how much time they might have wasted running toward for materialistic things. If the humans let love come in, they realize that â€Å"love is the only rational act† (52). Tuesdays with morrie Mitch Album July 12, 2014 â€Å"My old professor, meanwhile, was stunned by the normalcy of the day around him. Shouldn't the world stop? Don't they know what has happened to me? † ;Mitch (pig 8) Morris's death sentence came in the summer of 1994. This meant an end to Morris's dancing. Following that came Memoir beginning to walk with a walker, the end to driving, swimming and most of all teaching. Memoir was diagnosed with ALLS, which is a brutal illness of the neurological system. 1 . What does this quote mean or suggest to you? Peoples problems range from bad to not so bad.Many In the world don't know what others have to go through on a dally basis. I feel people should take that Into consideration when making decisions and/or dealing with their problems. Memoir was diagnosed with ALLS, a terminal sickness, meanwhile there are people who are taking their lives and becoming depressed for silly reasons. Memoir has every right to be upset but he looks at his sickness as a new beginning, to look at life a different way. I believe that's how everyone should look at life no matter what the situation is. 2. What is the authors attitude toward the ideas, events, or characters he/she is resenting?Explain your reasoning. The author has a positive attitude toward the events in the story. One of Memories students, Mitch, eulogies him. When Mitch found out about his sickness, he contacted him immediately. However, when he arrived he didn't even want to get out of the car. Visiting Memoir became a ritual, he would fly to see him every Tuesday. As each Tuesday passed, Match's attitude toward Morris's situation changed for the better. Each Tuesday he would bring food from the market and even though as time passed Memoir couldn't eat food unless it was mushy, he still brought it.Memories costive outlook on life and his happiness influenced Mitch and made him realize there is so no reason to be negative and unhappy. July 132014 â€Å"In fact, I lost contact with most of the people I knew in college, including my beer drinking friends and the first woman I ever woke up with I the morning. â€Å"-Mitch (pig Match's life after hugging his professor last wasn't that Interesting. His dream was to be a musician, but after several unsuccessful gigs that dream faded. Mitch had his first encounter with death, his uncle that taught him many things, who he looked up to, died from cancer at a young age.HIS uncle asked him one night If he would be year. After his funeral, time suddenly became precious and he didn't want to Joke around anymore. What does this quote mean or suggest to you? This quote suggests to me that people leave, you move on and things that was once important don't mean as much anymore. Although you move on, you shouldn't loose touch because something so deadly can come out of no where and hurt a loved one. For example, Match's uncle. Mitch looked up to his uncle, he taught him how to drive, throw a football and teased him about girls. He wanted to be him exactly when he grew up and sadly he wasn't around for long.In conclusion, moving on is fine but don't move on to the point you loose touch completely with a loved one because you will regret it. 2. What are the implications of this idea, I'm the story and/or beyond it? This quote represents the idea of moving on, how it has it pros and cons. This ideas implied in the story because Mitch moved on and forgot about his dear professor and all of a sudden he found out he was diagnosed with a terminal disease. Mitch reunited with his professor, no and they began to meet every Tuesday to catch up and for Memoir to teach his last lesson about life.Like I said in my revises answer, when moving on don't detach completely because a loved on May not be with you for long. â€Å"Yeah he refused to be depressed. Instead, Memoir had become a lightning rod of ideas. He Jotted down his thoughts on yellow pads, envelopes, folders, scrap paper†¦ â€Å"Learn to forgive yourself and to forgive others†; â€Å"Don't assume that it's too late to get involved. â€Å"†-Mitch/Memoir (pig 18) Morris's health isn't getting any better; he has to use a wheelchair full time; his legs were dead. Yet he refused to be depressed.He began to Jot down every idea that came to mind. One of his friends, Maurice Stein, was so taken by his words that he .NET them to a Boston Globe reporter, who came and wrote a story on him. It was called, The Professor's Final Course: His Own Death. How does the quote connect to other ideas in the story? Memoir is faced with a lot of obstacles throughout the book, however he doesn't let it stop him. This quote connects to other ideas in the story because Memoir is constantly thinking positive. After a while, he has had over fifty â€Å"aphorisms†.Since Maurice Stein showed the world Memoir, and Copper reached out to him; he has now fame in his life. Fame is constantly showing up in his life, for example, he gets letters, p eople want to meet him and he has been on Gospel's show more than once. 2. Why do you think this quote is important, to you personally and/or characters he/ she is presenting? Explain your reasoning. I think this quote is important to the character Mitch is presenting because if Memoir didn't have positivist during this roller coaster, then it would be a lot harder to are dying, you begin to live your life.Although Memoir can't live his life actively, he is living his life emotionally talking to people, sharing his story and most of all helping them. July 14, 2014 â€Å"The eighties happened. The nineties happened. Death and sickness and getting fat and going bald happened. I traded lots of dreams for a bigger paycheck, and I never even realized I was doing it. † -Mitch (pig 33) Mitch is thinking to himself about how he would of felt if he didn't see Memoir before he died. He said he only had one excuse, it was a good excuse, but he became wrapped up in his own life.Memoir ke pt talking to him as if it has Just been a long vacation but during that vacation Mitch found Jobs and got married. Mitch feels bad, he felt that he became someone he never wanted to become. His days were full, but he spent the day doing things that left him unsatisfied. This quote suggests to that Mitch only cared about money, and luxurious objects. Rather than love, family and friends. He never wanted to end up like this, he never expected to loose contact with Memoir. But time began to fly by; his dreams disappeared and his world became revolved around money and his Job. . Elaborate on how or why the characters remind you of anyone else, in fiction, history, or your own life. Mitch reminds me of a majority of today's society. Many teens and adults are only worried about money and what they have. Yet, the car they drive or their salary isn't going to keep their loved ones around. Sometimes you realize when it's too late. Many peoples dreams become unrealistic when they get caught up in their ego. They could of achieved their goals if they weren't too busy worrying about money and more about what matters, such as family, friends and school.July 15, 2014 â€Å"The discussions give me an excuse to talk to him, fatherly conversations I cannot have with my own father, who would like me to be a lawyer† -Mitch (pig 47) Memoir and Mitch became very close which was unusual for Mitch because he wasn't a relative yet, he didn't mind. Mitch and his father don't really get along cause he has a different future planned for him. Match's dad wants him to be a lawyer, Mitch is in luck because Memoir doesn't like lawyers. Instead he wanted to. Be a musician, and Memoir supported that; which made him feel like a father.Elaborate on how or why the characters remind you of anyone else, in fiction, history, or your own life. Mitch reminds me of my own life because my dad and I don't really get along either. I have a person that is like a father figure to me and he supports me more than my own dad does. Unlike Match's dad having different goals for him, my dad college and how much stress comes out from it. . Why do you think this quote is important, to you personally and/or the whole story? Since Mitch doesn't have a great bond with his father, it influences his relationship with Mitch and Memoir.It makes their relationship stronger. Mitch isn't afraid to tell Memoir what he is feeling and what he wants in life. If Mitch were to have these kind of talks with his dad, it wouldn't go over so well. July 16, 2014 â€Å"Because it's the ultimate sign of dependency. Someone wiping your bottom. But I'm working on it. I'm trying to enjoy the process. Enjoy it? â€Å"Yes. After all, I get to be a baby one more time. â€Å"† -Memoir (pig 49) Mitch and Memoir are Tuesday people, therefore Mitch only visits him on Tuesday. On the first Tuesday they talk about the world. Talking to Memoir was similar to their old college dialogues.Memoir asking questions and listening to Match's responses. During one of marries interviews with Ted Copper, he told him that his lowest point in life will be when he has to have someone to wipe his ass. He thinks that because it is the ultimate sign of dependency, and Memoir doesn't like to depend on people. What is reveled about the character(s) through this quote? Q This quote reveals that Memoir has a positive outlook on everything he is going to o through. Although he doesn't like the idea of depending on someone to wipe his ass, he take s the negativity and turns it into positivist.Memoir thinks that he is getting another chance to be a baby, which is a weird but good way to look at it. If Memoir focused on the fact that he is getting weaker, he would become unhappy. It's impossible for Memoir to be unhappy about anything. 2. How does this quote connect to other ideas in the story? This quote connects to the other disadvantages Memoir is being handed through the story. Such as, using a walker, danci ng, swimming and so on. No Neater how setting stopping what used to be an everyday activity, he keeps his head up. Memoir is always positive when normally he should be upset.Nothing can stop Memoir from smiling. July 17, 2014 â€Å"The next Tuesday, I arrived with the normal bags of food- pasta with corn, potato salad, apple cobbler- and something else: a Sony tape recorder,† -Mitch (pig 62) On the third Tuesday, Mitch and Memoir talk about regrets. Since Memoir is getting sicker and time is going very fast; Mitch decided to bring a tape recorder so he could remember what they were talking about. Memoir has patience, courage, humor and pennies; he is looking at life from a very different place than anyone else. The tapes were like photographs, a desperate attempt to steal something from death's suitcase.Mitch has a positive attitude when dealing with the tape recorder. He doesn't want to forget about the countless amount of Tuesdays he spent with his favorite professor. Mitch wants to be able to listen to Morris's voice after he passes; although he denies that when confronted. Memoir wants to be able to tell him his story before he runs out of time, and Mitch is perfectly fine with that. 2. Why do you think this quote is important to you personally and/or the whole story? I think this quote is important to the whole story because it represents the fact that Memoir is an influential person.He impacts many lives and decisions. The tape recorder proves to Memoir that he will never be forgotten. A part in the story, Memoir talks about if he will be forgotten when he passes. He will not. Too many love and care for him as a person and his personality to forget him. â€Å"We all need teachers in our lives. And mine was sitting in front of me† -Mitch (pig 65) Mitch is worrying about if he should be consumed with sad thoughts and regrets of what he has missed. Memoir says that's what everyone is worried about, they are all rapped up in their family, caree r, money, meeting the mortgage and so on.Yet, they don't stand back and say, â€Å"Is this all? â€Å". People need to probe you in the right direction and that's what Memoir is doing. What works of art, music, dance or film does it remind you of? How? How does making the connection help you get more out of the question? This quote reminds me of the film, Mantilla. Mantilla was adopted into a very discouraging family, who didn't care for her. When she met her teacher Ms. Honey, she began to realize what life has to offer. This is the same situation with Memoir and Mitch, Memoir opened up Match's and made him realize what's right in front of him. . What does this quote mean or suggest to you? This quote suggests that you should always have an intelligent, influencing person in your life you can always go to to help point you in the right direction. Having that second option makes decision making a lot easier, and I feel everyone should have a person like Memoir. I've had several fr iends in my life, that always point me in the right direction and I'm very thankful to have them. July 18, 2014 â€Å"†Everyone knows they're going to die,† he said again, â€Å"but nobody believes it. If we id, we would do things differently. † -Memoir (pig 81) On the fourth Tuesday, they talked about death. Memoir is now on a machine, helping him breath and Mitch hates it. Yet, once again Memoir looks at it differently. He says that everyone needs to accept that they are going to die one day and that they should've prepared at any time. Therefore, you can be more involved in your life ask it if today's the day and if they are ready. Memoir then turned to his shoulder and asked the bird if today is the day I die. What are the implications of this idea, in the story and/or beyond it? The idea of accepting death is implied throughout the story.Memoir accepts the fact that he will be dying soon, therefore he lives his life differently. He lives his life to the full est, and doesn't let negativity and unhappiness prevent him. Although, Memoir has hit his lowest point, dependency, he doesn't allow that to prevent him from sharing his life story and his optimism with visitors and Mitch. If the quote suggests a conflict, what might have caused the problem? What solution(s) might exist? This quote suggests the conflict of internal vs.. Acceptance of death. The idea of believing you're invincible causes this problem.The only solution that exists, is to accept that you will die one day. Accepting that idea will result in a better life. You will begin to live life to its fullest, and you will achieve more things. â€Å"You know what the Buddhists say? Don't cling to things, because everything is impermanent. † -Memoir (pig 103) It is the sixth Tuesday and Memoir and Mitch are talking about Emotions. Memoir is beginning to struggle much more as the days pass, but no matter what he will be happy to see Mitch. Mitch still brings a bag of food ever y time he visits, but Memoir would never hurt his feelings and tell him he can't chew it.Memoir begins the Tuesday by telling Mitch that he has to detach himself from experiences. Instead of letting the experience penetrate you, on the contrary, you let it penetrate you fully. Why do you think this quote is important to you personally and/or to the whole story? I think this quote is important to me personally because this is something I have trouble with daily. Whenever someone comes into my life, I get attached very easily. Therefore, when it's time to detach I get hurt. I need to accept the fact that everyone will be temporary, and I can't let myself get hurt over that.Instead of thinking about the future together, I need to enjoy the experience with that person now and let the experience penetrate me fully. History or in your own life. As I stated in the last question, it's very difficult for me to detach from someone. I don't think I am the only one who deals with this problem. Some get extremely attached and when that person leaves they go insane and do something incredibly crazy things themselves or to the person. I read an article where a girl was arrested for stalking her boyfriend, sending an extraordinary amount of texts, emails, calls, voiceless and so on to him.This is the problem, some believe that it won't happen again; therefore they put all their trust into one person. When that person ends up being what they didn't expect they go crazy. Facedown on the tile floor, stayed there for hours†¦. What she mostly wanted, he learned was the same thing many people want-someone to notice she was there. † Mitch (pig 109-110) Memories inspirational and positive attitude was shaped by the years he spent working at a mental hospital. Morris's Job was to observe mental patients and record their treatments. This quote suggests the conflict of internal conflict vs.. Society.This conflict has been caused by a selfish society. The only solution that mi ght exist is if society would cake time to care about the people surround them. This quote represents a simple issue. She would lay on the floor everyday and everyone would walk all over her. All it took for her to get off the floor was for someone to notice her; and that person was Memoir. 2. Elaborate on how or why the characters remind you of anyone else, in fiction, in history or your own life. The character Memoir reminds me of a close friend of mine. Both of them are hardly negative and sad, and they will always put others before them.I admire her greatly. She is always there to help me and give me advice, which is exactly what Memoir does. People like Memoir don't get enough thanks, and they deserve the recognition. July 19, 2014 Memoir had aging in better perspective. Listen, I know what a misery being young can be, so don't tell me it's so great. All these kids who came to me which their struggles, their strife, and their feelings of inadequacy, their sense that life was mi serable,so be they wanted to kill themselves†¦ † -Memoir (pig 117) The seventh Tuesday, Memoir and Mitch talk about the fear of aging. Surprisingly Memoir isn't Aids of aging.Adapt first he felt letting someone wipe his behind would influence his mood for the worse, yet it didn't. He now enjoys his dependency, he enjoys someone rolling him over to his side and rubbing cream on his behind. Then they talked about the fear of aging. Mitch made the observation that on billboards on young and beautiful people are featured. None of the models could pass over 35. Why do you think this quote is important to you personally and/or the whole story? This quote is important to the whole story because It gives Memoir more of a reason to accept the fact he is growing old.Being young isn't fun anymore, it's all about how much money you have, what car you drive, who you are dating, how much you weigh and so on. Also the young are not wise and hardly understand life. The older you get, the wiser you are and the more you understand. People that are 2. If the quote suggests a conflict, what might have caused the problem? What The conflict of internal vs.. Society is represented through this quote. Judgmental people, high standards and high expectations causes this conflict. Teens are desperately trying to escape people's expectations.Life shouldn't be about what you have and who you talk to. This causes teens to be ignorant. The only solution to this problem is to live life to your fullest and forget about what others think. He smiled, you know what that reflects? Unsatisfied lives. Unfulfilled lives. Lives that haven't found meaning. Because if you've found meaning in your life, you don't want to go back. You want to go forward. You want to see more, do more. You can't wait until you're sixty-five. † -Memoir (pig 118) The seventh Tuesday, Memoir and Mitch talk about aging. Aging is a very valuable and ignorant people don't understand that.Memoir states that if a ll young people are battling getting older, they will always be unhappy. Turning a year older opens a new door for all. Mitch doesn't understand how Memoir doesn't new young and healthy people. Memoir does new them being able to go to the health club or swimming but he detached himself. He envoys them, but he doesn't let it prevent him from living his life. This connection help you get more out of the question? The quote reminds me of the movie 17 Again. Each Effort is unsatisfied with his life, he was getting divorced, he kids wouldn't speak to him and he wasn't the hot Jack he used to be.This depression was very obvious, which resulted in a â€Å"Janitor† letting him go back in time to be 17 again. Although he was able to relive his teen life, no did fix certain problems he couldn't help but think about his wife. Each has to choose teen two choices, going to college and play basketball or go back to his age and win his wife back. He chose his wife. Even though staying young is fun, growing old is better and that can be represented in this movie. I feel that this quote can represent Mitch a little bit. Mitch is a very busy person, he is always doing something; yet he isn't happy doing it.Mitch obviously wishes he could go back to college, considering all the questions he is asking Memoir. However, Mitch makes Memoir realize how much of an advantage they both have. They may have wrinkles or bald spots but they are both getting more insightful as time passes. July 20, 2014 â€Å"You need food, you want a chocolate sundae. You have to be honest with yourself. You don't need the latest sports car, you don't need the biggest house. † -Memoir (pig 126) values in the wrong things which leads to broken lives. Memoir has good and sometimes bad days but no matter what, his love for music strengthens.Memoir then begins to talk about how the country is brainwashing everyone. For example, they say â€Å"Owning things is good. More money is good. More proper ty is good. More imperialism is good† and so on. Mitch and Memoir make their way towards marries study, everything is the same. When Memoir was told about his terminal illness, he lost interest in purchasing new items. This quote suggests to me that the world is revolved around money. It's always about what you have, not your personality. It shouldn't matter what car you drive, or the house you live in or what you look like.The materialistic things in life doesn't matter and people take that for advantage. Mitch was so caught up in his own life, worrying about his Job and how much money he was making instead of contacting his professor. Thankfully, he woke up from his nightmare and Memoir talked some sense into him. Now they spend every Tuesday having instructed conversations. Mitch reminds me of several people in my own life. They are all caught up in the materialistic things rather than the love in his life. The only thing to blame for this is society, and to break through f rom it you would have to become your own person.Break the standards and expectations the world has set. Focus on what really matters and that's your family. July 21, 2014 â€Å"So many people with far smaller problems are so self-absorbed, their eyes glaze over if you speak more than thirty seconds. † -Mitch (pig 136) The ninth Tuesday, Mitch and Memoir talked about how love goes on. Mitch kept trying to get in touch with his brother that lives in Spain, yet he kept ignoring his calls. Memoir now isn't able to go to the bathroom on his own! A catheter was inserted. As each visit passed, his spine began to melt into the chair and take shape.Although he was becoming his weakest, he insisted on being wheeled to his study. This was represented by his new aphorism, â€Å"When you're in bed, you're dead. † So many people takes things to granted and don't understand that life can be worse, Memoir could Just sit in his bed and feel himself dying, yet he doesn't let death cause him to be selfish. The quote suggests internal conflict vs.. Self. Most are self-absorbed. Acting as if they are listening to what you're saying, but actually waiting for you to end so they can start talking. They don't care about other people, and sadly that's a majority of today's society.Only worried about their issues, but need to realize there are healthy they do. 2. How does this quote relate to others work of literature? In the novel, Ordinary People, the protagonist Conrad is going through a lot. He feels he was the cause of his brothers death and he doesn't feel good enough for his parents, therefore he turns to cutting. His mother, Beth Garret is very self-absorbed. She only cares about what others think of her. For example, she flipped when she found out from a friend that her son quit the swim team and not from her own son.This represents selfishness, her son is in pain and she only cares for her reputation. â€Å"Although she had never met Memoir, she took the phoneâ € ¦ † -Mitch (pig 143) The tenth Tuesday, Mitch and Memoir talk about marriage. Memoir has always heard about Match's wife, Jeanine, but never met her. One day Mitch was on the phone with Memoir and Jeanine surprisingly took the phone from him. Instead of rejecting Morris's request, she decided to come with Mitch next Tuesday to see Memoir. As stated in this chapter, marriage is a very complicated thing and many have problems with it.However, many don't realize that having a loved one is very important to have. When you're in a situation like Memoir, going through it without a loved one is very hard. Going through it with friends is fine, but they won't be there when you're ill and coughing at night. But your soul mate will be. This quote makes me very happy because it represents kindness and peace towards everyone. Jeanine has never met Memoir, all she knows is stories Mitch has old her and that makes her more eager to meet such a man. All it takes to influence and be ones hero is a positive attitude when going through the worst.Memoir accepts the fact that he is dying, and he isn't depressed one bit. He may have his moments and days, but it doesn't let that stop him. This quote suggests that no matter what you are going through, it doesn't hurt to be positive; also it doesn't hurt to give people a chance. 2. What is reveled about the character(s) through this quote? I think this quote is important to the whole story because it represents the genuine characters. Not only Match's wife, but Mitch, Memoir, Morris wife and the handful of people that visit Memoir daily.Jasmine's actions and feelings forwards Memoir surprised Mitch very much. I feel that her characteristics made Mitch feel extremely happy and proved to Mitch that Morris's personality influences not Just him but people he didn't even meet. July 22, 2014 â€Å"Yes. For all the things we didn't do. All the things we should have done. You can't get stuck on the regrets of what should have happ ened. That doesn't help you when you get to where I am. † -Memoir (pig 166) On the twelfth Tuesday, Mitch and Memoir talk about forgiveness. A friend of